knowledge management (km) / km metrics / opinion

November 28, 2007

Turning knowledge into value in professional service firms

Turning knowledge into value in professional service firms

Forstenlechner I., Lettice, F., Bourne, M. and Webb, C. (2007). Turning knowledge into value in professional service firms. Performance Measurement and Metrics, Volume 8, Issue 3, p. 146 - 156

Abstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present and discuss the findings of research into the value perception of knowledge management among lawyers and staff from among the top ten global law firms.

Design/methodology/approach – Interviews were conducted with lawyers as well as knowledge management (KM) service providers within the selected law firms. The results were then analysed by statistical means and compared to previous findings in literature. The methodology is inspired and broadly based on a research paper into the value perception of information by Broady-Preston and Williams.

Findings – The findings are that respondents showed strong support for the value of KM to law firm success through concepts such as improved efficiency, quality and other drivers for better performance.

Research limitations/implications – The survey in the paper itself was limited to the top ten global law firms and is therefore not representative of the entire professional service sector or the law firm sector.

Practical implications – The results in the paper indicate strong support from the internal customer side for the notion of KM adding value to the business of a law firm.

Originality/value – Prior to this paper there has been little research into the value perception of knowledge management within the professional service environment.

Find this article or here (Emerald) or email me.

Cultural differences in motivating global knowledge workers

Cultural differences in motivating global knowledge workers

Ingo Forstenlechner, Fiona Lettice.
Equal Opportunities International. Patrington: 2007. Vol. 26, Iss. 8; p. 823

Abstract (Summary)

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to present and discuss the findings of research into the different means of motivating knowledge workers to participate in and contribute to knowledge exchange and creation.

Design/methodology/approach - A survey was conducted among more than a quarter of the 2,500+ strong lawyer multinational law firm with 25+ offices in 15+ countries and analysed to provide insight into the differences on motivation and value perception across the cultural dividing lines. The results were analysed at regional level as well as organisational/generation level and analysed by statistical means and descriptive statistics. The key outcomes were analysed against literature to provide an in-depth understanding on how to foster knowledge sharing.

Findings - Respondents showed distinct reactions towards the means to motivate them to share knowledge. Career prospects, authority, provision of charge codes, recognition among peers or one-time incentives have a very diverse impact around the world.

Research limitations/implications - This survey itself was limited to one law firm. Thus, even though this firm is among the largest three firms in the world and considered a leader in knowledge management, this research is therefore not representative of the entire professional service sector or the law firm sector.

Practical implications - The results have been used within the case study organisation to improve the efficiency in motivating lawyers to share knowledge and lessons can be drawn for comparable organisations operating on a global scale.

Originality/value - Prior to this paper there has been little research into the motivation of global knowledge workers within the professional service environment.

Find this article here (ProQuest) or here (Emerald) or email me.

Measuring knowledge in the new product development process

Measuring knowledge in the new product development process

Fiona Lettice, Norman Roth, Ingo Forstenlechner. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management. Bradford: 2006. Vol. 55, Iss. 3/4; pg. 217, 25 pgs

Abstract (Summary)

The purpose of this study is to present a measurement framework to capture the importance of the use of knowledge within the new product development (NPD) process. A literature review enabled 200 product development measures to be compiled. These were categorized into six dimensions: stakeholder contribution, operating context, reuse, invention, exploitation, and NPD performance. Four companies applied selected measures and assessed the cube for its ability to improve measurement and management of their NPD process. This process refined the approach. A Web-based questionnaire (with 130 responses) assessed how a wider population perceived their performance and capability to measure performance in each of the six dimensions. Respondents consider themselves capable of delivering good products and services, but are less confident in their ability to manage and measure knowledge reuse, invention and exploitation activities.

Find this document here (ProQuest) or here (Emerald) or email me.

October 07, 2006

Goodbye for now...

There is a couple of good reasons for not blogging for a while and for leaving this blog as it is for now:

1. I made a time and effort consuming move to the Middle East and since the end of August I have been working at one of the premier institutions of tertiary education in my new host country and I simply love it - the people, the country, the students, the job, the environment, the lifestyle, simply everything about it.

2. I am working on a couple of publications now, basically building on research I did for my thesis, which takes quite some time. I haven't taken publications serious enough so far, which is a shame. BTW, thank you all so much for your interest in my thesis, I have to date responded to more than 300 emails requesting my thesis, this gave me an audience way beyond my expectations and made - in retrospect - writing it more worthwhile. I had an interesting journey doing my PhD and your feedback and comments on the finished piece were highly appreciated. I owe thanks for this primarily to Joy, Jack and Bruce for promoting my thesis on your blogs. Thank you!

3. Besides my new job and working on the publications, I am supervising MSc theses on knowledge management from my uni back home and I have taken up an offer to consult on the knowledge management strategy of a tourism firm, which roughly takes another three days off my time each month. I simply don't have the time to write a blog on top of this. BTW, I simply love technology, doing all this at once would not be possible without the - finally - good enough quality of videoconferencing and online collaboration over the internet. I am so impressed by this and I am so happy this finally became usable. I use webex, live messenger and sometimes skype and I started to seriously depend on these and enjoy them a lot.

I am leaving this blog as it is as it still gets quite some hits mainly through Google, I'd like to think of this as personal knowledge management, and maybe my ramblings here are useful for some people.

Anyways, I hope you like what you find here and I would like to express my gratitude for your attention, for dropping by and for your feedback over the last few years.

All the best,
Ingo

June 16, 2006

Has anyone finally found the holy grail for expertise location?

The answer is no - so far - but in an article (on page 5 in this pdf) found via Prism Legal, consultants Tania Daniels and Mark Horne remind us that the potential of expertise location is yet to be tapped into. More precisely they tell us what it could do for most professional service firms, where the only input and output is knowledge:

On one hand expertise location could speed up the learning process or assist with training in general. In the article it is referred to as"associate education", however I would suggest it could also benefit all levels of practicioners below and above associates. With new joiners this could allow organisations to charge higher rates sooner than without expertise location (or KM tools in general). And for those more senior it could mean knowing more about the value of the relationship capital of those reporting into them, plus also benefiting from the system themselves.

Second, cross-selling & new opportunities, probably the most obvious benefit for professional service firms, such as the answer to "Who had lunch with X from Z and did they talk about anything leading to new business?":

External expertise systems seek to capitalize on the complex layers of relationships and subject matter expertise within firms and between firm personnel and external organizations.
The idea of expertise location is not new but also not yet reality. (the article also refers to the "skills database familiar to HR professionals" and as previously mentioned here, the technology has been around a while, e.g. as the Fraunhofer Xpertfinder more than five years ago).

The article suggests basic but useful formulas to identify experts such as hours billed by a particular practicioner against a matter categorised in a firm's taxonomy. Another approach suggested is self-ranking (which usually goes pretty bad because of lack of participation) but in this case in combination with time capturing: "some applications combine the adjustment of quantitative hours billed ranking with qualitative commentary and self-ranking options to account for experience gained elsewhere and provide additional context beyond the sole measure of hours billed." Most of the technology solutions discussed - without their names being mentioned by the authors - include automatic capturing of data or are based on analysis of client/matter data.

Provided matter data has a tag of some useful kind, a simple one off analysis of billing data against matter data could give you a taste of what an automated system could do in a wider context and in a presentable and usable form. The article also mentions e-mail mining:

One firm sought to make better use of all the e-mail messages requesting help with a particular topic. They established a central e-mail address to which users send both questions and answers. The e-mail chain is collected into a full-text search database that has a simple Web search interface on it. The searches allow firm members to identify who within the firm has asked or answered similar questions before and gets them to internal experts quickly. The firm has had such success with this solution that users now check the database first before sending out e-mail requests, and it has become a popular tool to market internal expertise by answering questions posed. This example illustrates how a simple technological solution can solve part of the expertise location problem by capturing relevant e-mail.
This doesn't yet replace the know-how queries via email, but it certainly enhances their reuse possibilities and creates a knowledgebase without anyone ever needing to leave Outlook for filling it. Plus if you are lucky it raises awareness for KM, helping achieve what might be one of your cultural metrics, the overalcommitmentnt to KM of your practicioners.

I don't know why I have never come across ILTA , the platform publishing these articles. The bottom line however was an annual fee, but the (free) publication itself is an interesting platform to hear more than the short pitch from consultants and vendors. And I quite liked the Editor's note:

From an attorney correctly profiling a document in a DMS, to a secretary tracking a pleading, to the marketing department maintaining contact information, everyone is contributing to the firm's most valuable asset, knowledge.
I am not sure about that. I think the attorney (or consultant) should maintain the contact information himself because the fee earner has seen the benefit in doing so - or ideally it is automatically captured.

Also read the next article on page 8 in the same pdf: "Is KM Evolving into Practice Support Consulting?" by David Hambourger:

Many KM initiatives (especially in larger firms) began as firmwide initiatives with the promise of building global systems. While this approach might have some economic and standardization advantages, it avoids the fact that law firms are extremely tribal in nature. These tribes can be centered around practice groups, offices, industries or even particular matters.

June 01, 2006

Some links to KM jobs...

I have received quite a few queries on the subject of KM jobs and where they are. So, if you are currently looking for a KM job, they are e.g. here:

Intelligent resources
Sue Hill
Glen Recruitment
TFPL (includes a neat tax calculator for UK PAYE)

Plus try KM related keywords on job search engines like Monster or The Guardian.

The issue is again the one about whether organisations that do KM also call it KM. In the case of these recruiters, which are mostly operating in the UK, this is the case. In continental Europe KM jobs come in a larger variety of flavours and branding, so one has to read between the lines of job descriptions here...

May 24, 2006

It is about the concepts, not the name

I attended a faculty meeting at one of the places I teach at and was most surprised to learn that the entire MSc Knowledge Management course will be renamed to something along the lines of organisational development and learning organisation. Let me quote the head of department responsible for the course:

"Ever since I started in KM, it looked like the breakthrough of KM might just be 3 or 4 years away. Now this is a couple of years ago and it still looks like the breakthrough of KM is still 3 or 4 years away... We constantly have a lot of explaining to do for potential students as well as to industry partners as to what KM actually means and once we have explained this to them, we are fine, but this is a too big initial hurdle ... The contents of the course wont change substantially but the name will."

I think she has a good point there. The only industries I personally know of that not only "do KM", but also call it KM, are the legal and the pharmaceutical sector. This does not change the fact that a lot of organisations do stuff that most people would actually consider KM (provided they have heard the term). I had a look at the job titles of people I know who "do KM" and here is a selection of some titles/descriptions I found: Online Services Manager, Business Development Consultant, Information Manager, Research Manager, Special Counsel, Client Focus Manager, Strategy Analyst plus a high number of consultants, PSLs, librarians and academics who do research and/or consultancy in the field. Yet very few are actually called "Knowledge Manager", "Head of KM" or similar.

The trouble is, I kind of like the term KM and I still think that the term information management is too vulnerable to be hijacked by too technically oriented people. I have been ranting about this for a while now and I have not come to a useful conclusion, while the problem for those studying KM or looking to start a KM career remains the same: the jobs and the tasks are there, but it continues to be difficult to find them because they are called so many different names.

And for those of you who haven't heard about this yet: Microsoft is entering the KM arena. There are interesting comments on the subject by Tom Baldwin and Jack Vinson as well as a presentation on microsoft.com on how this will work. As far as I understand, this basically means a shared taxonomy across all MS applications and servers that can be full text searched and used to locate experts and connect people. There is not much to add to Tom Baldwin's final sentence in his posting: "I'm sure this tool will need a lot of work to truly help mine experience and expertise within a law firm, but it's good to see Microsoft enter the KM arena."
So, can we consider Microsoft boarding the KM train a breakthrough or not?